SCREEN PRINTING
Screen printing or silk screening is a print making technique that creates a sharp-edged image using a stencil. A screen print or is an image created using this technique.

A screen is made of a piece of porous, finely woven fabric stretched over a frame of aluminium or wood. Areas of the screen are blocked off with a non-permeable material to form a stencil, which is a positive of the image to be printed, that is, the open spaces are where the ink will appear.

The screen is placed on top of the material. Ink is placed on top of the screen, and a fill bar is used to fill the mesh openings with ink. The operator begins with the fill bar at the rear of the screen and behind a reservoir of ink. The operator lifts the screen to prevent contact with the substrate and then using a slight amount of downward force pulls the fill bar to the front of the screen. This affectively fills the mesh openings with ink and moves the ink reservoir to the front of the screen. The operator then uses a squeegee (rubber blade) to move the mesh down to the substrate and pushes the squeegee to the rear of the screen. The ink that is in the mesh opening is transferred by capillary action to the material under the screen. As the squeegee moves toward the rear of the screen the tension of the mesh pulls the mesh up away from the material leaving the ink upon the material surface.

Items are allowed to dry between colours that are then printed with another screen and often in a different colour. The screen can be re-used after leaning.

SUBLIMATION
Sublimation is when a substance transitions between the solid and gas states without going through a liquid stage, dry ice is an example.

The sublimation printing process involves firstly, printing the artwork onto paper with dye-sublimation ink. The printers are similar to inkjet printers in that they spray ink onto a sheet of paper, but the ink is dye-sublimation ink held in a liquid solvent, like water. The ink is applied to a donor material, a special type of paper. The image on the paper is a reverse image of the final design, so that when it is dry it can be placed onto the fabric and heated. The printed paper is placed on top with the design facing the material, and is pressed together under high temperature and heat. The dye is heated up until it turns into a gas, at which point diffuses onto the material and solidifies.